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Technical Specifications of CG800H Cylindrical Grinding Machine
Working accuracy
1. Roundness: 2.5μm;
2. Dia. uniformity in the long. Section: 12μm;
3. Surface roughness: Ra0.32μm.
Application and Features
1. Plain-type cylindrical grinder, mainly used for grinding cylindrical surface requiring accuracy-class IT6-IT7, suitable for single-piece or small batch production;
2. Worktable long. Movement is carried out by means of hydraulic drive with infinitely variable speed, or by hand wheel drive. Wheel head cross feed is provided with auto. Hydraulic micro intermittent-feed and rapid advance & retract, and also with rough and fine feed by means of hand wheel;
3. Work rotating speed of CG800H Cylindrical Grinding machine is realized in accordance with the electric-adjusted infinitely-variable-speed, and driven by AC frequency-conversion motor;
4. Wheel spindle is supported by hydro-static-pressure bearings, for raising ground surface quality;
5. Wheel head cross feed is provided with magnetic-grating digital display unit for displacement, and also equipped with grinding indicator for the convenience of operation;
6. Open-type screw-throttle hydro-static-pressure guides are adopted as wheel head carriage and worktable guides with stable working;
Standard accessories
1. Grinding indicator: 1sets;
2. Wheel periphery dresser: 1set;
3. Wheel periphery and end-face dresser: 1set;
4. Open-type steady-rest: 1sets;
5. Wheel hub: 2set;
6. Measuring bridge-plate: 1pc;
Optional Accessories
1. Center grinding device;
2. Wheel balancing stand;
3. Radius dresser;
4. Steady-rest Ø400--Ø500mm;
Cylindrical grinder/Cylindrical Grinding Machine is a type of grinding machine used to shape the outside of an object. The cylindrical grinder can work on a variety of shapes, however the object must have a central axis of rotation. This includes but is not limited to such shapes as a cylinder, an ellipse, a cam, or a crankshaft.
A cylindrical grinder
Cylindrical grinder/Cylindrical Grinding Machine is defined as having four essential actions:
The work (object) must be constantly rotating;
The grinding wheel must be constantly rotating;
The grinding wheel is fed towards and away from the work;
Either the work or the grinding wheel is traversed with respect to the other.
While the majority of cylindrical grinders employ all four movements, there are grinders that only employ three of the four actions.
History of cylindrical grinder
The origins of the cylindrical grinder, as with all other modern machine tools, stem from the experimentation and invention of John Wilkinson and later Henry Maudslay who built the first horizontal boring machine and the first engine lathe, respectively. The cylindrical grinder owes much of its development from the onset of the Industrial Revolution, particularly to the advent of reliable, inexpensive steel production and later the improvement of the grinding wheel. The basis for the modern day cylindrical grinder was first built in the 1830s by two men working independently, Jonathan Bridges and James Wheaton . It is unclear as to which man had first produced the machine but both are closely tied to the first historical appearance of the modern day tool. It took another 40 years before further improvement and refinement of the tool occurred.
Types of cylindrical grinder/Cylindrical Grinding Machine
There are five different types of cylindrical grinding: outside diameter (OD) grinding, inside diameter (ID) grinding, plunge grinding, creep feed grinding, and centerless grinding.
Outside diameter grinding
OD grinding is grinding occurring on external surface a of an object between the centers. The centers are end units with a point that allow the object to be rotated. The grinding wheel is also being rotated in the same direction when it comes in contact with the object. This effectively means the two surfaces will be moving opposite directions when contact is made which allows for a smoother operation and less chance of a jam up.
Inside diameter grinding
ID grinding is grinding occurring on the inside of an object. The grinding wheel is always smaller than the width of the object. The object is held in place by a collet, which also rotates the object in place. Just as with OD grinding, the grinding wheel and the object rotated in opposite directions giving reversed direction contact of the two surfaces where the grinding occurs.
Plunge grinding
A form of OD grinding, however the major difference is that the grinding wheel makes continuous contact with a single point of the object instead of traversing the object.
Creep feed grinding
Creep Feed is a form of grinding where a full depth of cut is removed in a single pass of the wheel. Successful operation of this technique can reduce manufacturing time by 50%, but often the grinding machine being used must be designed specifically for this purpose. This form occurs in both cylindrical and surface grinding.
Centerless cylindrical grinder
A schematic of the centerless grinding process.
Centerless grinding is a form of grinding where there is no collet or pair of centers holding the object in place. Instead, there is a regulating wheel positioned on the opposite side of the object to the grinding wheel. A work rest keeps the object at the appropriate height but has no bearing on its rotary speed. The workblade is angled slightly towards the regulating wheel, with the workpiece centerline above the centerlines of the regulating and grinding wheel; this means that high spots do not tend to generate corresponding opposite low spots, and hence the roundness of parts can be improved. Centerless grinding is much easier to combine with automatic loading procedures than centered grinding; throughfeed grinding, where the regulating wheel is held at a slight angle to the part so that there is a force feeding the part through the grinder, is particularly efficient.
Control methods
There are three basics ways in which an operator can interact with a cylindrical grinder. Either manual manipulation of the machine, Numerical Control with a punched card system or using Computer Numerical Control using a pre existing interface designed for that machine or by using a PC as an interface to communicate with the grinder. The first two options are rarely if ever used today. CNC operated cylindrical grinders are the most technologically advanced, efficient, reliable systems in the manufacturing industry.
Applications
The cylindrical grinder is responsible for a plethora of innovations and inventions in the progression of science and technology. Any situation in which extremely precise metalworking is required, the cylindrical grinder is able to provide a high level of precision.[citation needed] From the automotive industry to military applications, the benefits of the cylindrical grinder are numerous.
| Model | Unit | CG800 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type | H | ||
| Center height | mm | 500 (20″) | |
| Work length to be ground | mm | 3000,4000,5000 (118″,157″,197″) | |
| Work dia. To be ground | mm | Φ50-800 (2-31″) | |
| Max. work height | kg | 3000 | |
| Headstock and tailstock center tapered-bore | Metric 80# | ||
| Headstock driving-plate rotating-speed (stepless adjustable) | r/min | 7-70 | |
| Wheel peripheral velocity | m/s | 17.5 / 35 | |
| Min. intermittent feed (coarse/fine) | mm | 0.02 / 0.0025 | |
| Machine weight (Net/Gross Weight) | 3000 | kg | 13000 / 17500 |
| 4000 | kg | 15000 / 19000 | |
| 5000 | kg | Case 1: 21000 / 26000 Case 2: 5000 / 6500 |
|
| Package Dimension: (LxWxH) | 3000 | mm | 8850 x 2950 x 2350 |
| 4000 | mm | 10800 x 2950 x 2350 | |
| 5000 | mm | Case 1: 13100 x 2750 x 2100 Case 2: 3300 x 2250 x 2200 |
|
1. Roundness: 2.5μm;
2. Dia. uniformity in the long. Section: 12μm;
3. Surface roughness: Ra0.32μm.
Application and Features
1. Plain-type cylindrical grinder, mainly used for grinding cylindrical surface requiring accuracy-class IT6-IT7, suitable for single-piece or small batch production;
2. Worktable long. Movement is carried out by means of hydraulic drive with infinitely variable speed, or by hand wheel drive. Wheel head cross feed is provided with auto. Hydraulic micro intermittent-feed and rapid advance & retract, and also with rough and fine feed by means of hand wheel;
3. Work rotating speed of CG800H Cylindrical Grinding machine is realized in accordance with the electric-adjusted infinitely-variable-speed, and driven by AC frequency-conversion motor;
4. Wheel spindle is supported by hydro-static-pressure bearings, for raising ground surface quality;
5. Wheel head cross feed is provided with magnetic-grating digital display unit for displacement, and also equipped with grinding indicator for the convenience of operation;
6. Open-type screw-throttle hydro-static-pressure guides are adopted as wheel head carriage and worktable guides with stable working;
Standard accessories
1. Grinding indicator: 1sets;
2. Wheel periphery dresser: 1set;
3. Wheel periphery and end-face dresser: 1set;
4. Open-type steady-rest: 1sets;
5. Wheel hub: 2set;
6. Measuring bridge-plate: 1pc;
Optional Accessories
1. Center grinding device;
2. Wheel balancing stand;
3. Radius dresser;
4. Steady-rest Ø400--Ø500mm;
Cylindrical grinder/Cylindrical Grinding Machine is a type of grinding machine used to shape the outside of an object. The cylindrical grinder can work on a variety of shapes, however the object must have a central axis of rotation. This includes but is not limited to such shapes as a cylinder, an ellipse, a cam, or a crankshaft.
A cylindrical grinder
Cylindrical grinder/Cylindrical Grinding Machine is defined as having four essential actions:
The work (object) must be constantly rotating;
The grinding wheel must be constantly rotating;
The grinding wheel is fed towards and away from the work;
Either the work or the grinding wheel is traversed with respect to the other.
While the majority of cylindrical grinders employ all four movements, there are grinders that only employ three of the four actions.
History of cylindrical grinder
The origins of the cylindrical grinder, as with all other modern machine tools, stem from the experimentation and invention of John Wilkinson and later Henry Maudslay who built the first horizontal boring machine and the first engine lathe, respectively. The cylindrical grinder owes much of its development from the onset of the Industrial Revolution, particularly to the advent of reliable, inexpensive steel production and later the improvement of the grinding wheel. The basis for the modern day cylindrical grinder was first built in the 1830s by two men working independently, Jonathan Bridges and James Wheaton . It is unclear as to which man had first produced the machine but both are closely tied to the first historical appearance of the modern day tool. It took another 40 years before further improvement and refinement of the tool occurred.
Types of cylindrical grinder/Cylindrical Grinding Machine
There are five different types of cylindrical grinding: outside diameter (OD) grinding, inside diameter (ID) grinding, plunge grinding, creep feed grinding, and centerless grinding.
Outside diameter grinding
OD grinding is grinding occurring on external surface a of an object between the centers. The centers are end units with a point that allow the object to be rotated. The grinding wheel is also being rotated in the same direction when it comes in contact with the object. This effectively means the two surfaces will be moving opposite directions when contact is made which allows for a smoother operation and less chance of a jam up.
Inside diameter grinding
ID grinding is grinding occurring on the inside of an object. The grinding wheel is always smaller than the width of the object. The object is held in place by a collet, which also rotates the object in place. Just as with OD grinding, the grinding wheel and the object rotated in opposite directions giving reversed direction contact of the two surfaces where the grinding occurs.
Plunge grinding
A form of OD grinding, however the major difference is that the grinding wheel makes continuous contact with a single point of the object instead of traversing the object.
Creep feed grinding
Creep Feed is a form of grinding where a full depth of cut is removed in a single pass of the wheel. Successful operation of this technique can reduce manufacturing time by 50%, but often the grinding machine being used must be designed specifically for this purpose. This form occurs in both cylindrical and surface grinding.
Centerless cylindrical grinder
A schematic of the centerless grinding process.
Centerless grinding is a form of grinding where there is no collet or pair of centers holding the object in place. Instead, there is a regulating wheel positioned on the opposite side of the object to the grinding wheel. A work rest keeps the object at the appropriate height but has no bearing on its rotary speed. The workblade is angled slightly towards the regulating wheel, with the workpiece centerline above the centerlines of the regulating and grinding wheel; this means that high spots do not tend to generate corresponding opposite low spots, and hence the roundness of parts can be improved. Centerless grinding is much easier to combine with automatic loading procedures than centered grinding; throughfeed grinding, where the regulating wheel is held at a slight angle to the part so that there is a force feeding the part through the grinder, is particularly efficient.
Control methods
There are three basics ways in which an operator can interact with a cylindrical grinder. Either manual manipulation of the machine, Numerical Control with a punched card system or using Computer Numerical Control using a pre existing interface designed for that machine or by using a PC as an interface to communicate with the grinder. The first two options are rarely if ever used today. CNC operated cylindrical grinders are the most technologically advanced, efficient, reliable systems in the manufacturing industry.
Applications
The cylindrical grinder is responsible for a plethora of innovations and inventions in the progression of science and technology. Any situation in which extremely precise metalworking is required, the cylindrical grinder is able to provide a high level of precision.[citation needed] From the automotive industry to military applications, the benefits of the cylindrical grinder are numerous.
Standard accessories
1. Grinding indicator: 1sets;
2. Wheel periphery dresser: 1set;
3. Wheel periphery and end-face dresser: 1set;
4. Open-type steady-rest: 1sets;
5. Wheel hub: 2set;
6. Measuring bridge-plate: 1pc;
Optional Accessories
1. Center grinding device;
2. Wheel balancing stand;
3. Radius dresser;
4. Steady-rest Ø400--Ø500mm;
1. Grinding indicator: 1sets;
2. Wheel periphery dresser: 1set;
3. Wheel periphery and end-face dresser: 1set;
4. Open-type steady-rest: 1sets;
5. Wheel hub: 2set;
6. Measuring bridge-plate: 1pc;
Optional Accessories
1. Center grinding device;
2. Wheel balancing stand;
3. Radius dresser;
4. Steady-rest Ø400--Ø500mm;
Technical Specifications of CG800H Cylindrical Grinding Machine
| Model | Unit | CG800 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type | H | ||
| Center height | mm | 500 (20″) | |
| Work length to be ground | mm | 3000,4000,5000 (118″,157″,197″) | |
| Work dia. To be ground | mm | Φ50-800 (2-31″) | |
| Max. work height | kg | 3000 | |
| Headstock and tailstock center tapered-bore | Metric 80# | ||
| Headstock driving-plate rotating-speed (stepless adjustable) | r/min | 7-70 | |
| Wheel peripheral velocity | m/s | 17.5 / 35 | |
| Min. intermittent feed (coarse/fine) | mm | 0.02 / 0.0025 | |
| Machine weight (Net/Gross Weight) | 3000 | kg | 13000 / 17500 |
| 4000 | kg | 15000 / 19000 | |
| 5000 | kg | Case 1: 21000 / 26000 Case 2: 5000 / 6500 |
|
| Package Dimension: (LxWxH) | 3000 | mm | 8850 x 2950 x 2350 |
| 4000 | mm | 10800 x 2950 x 2350 | |
| 5000 | mm | Case 1: 13100 x 2750 x 2100 Case 2: 3300 x 2250 x 2200 |
|
Working accuracy
1. Roundness: 2.5μm;
2. Dia. uniformity in the long. Section: 12μm;
3. Surface roughness: Ra0.32μm.
1. Roundness: 2.5μm;
2. Dia. uniformity in the long. Section: 12μm;
3. Surface roughness: Ra0.32μm.
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Knee Type Milling Machine: Precision Versatility for Industrial Manufacturing
What is a Knee Type Milling Machine?
A knee type milling machine is a fundamental machine tool distinguished by its vertically adjustable worktable mounted on a "knee" casting. This knee moves precisely up and down a fixed column via a screw mechanism, enabling accurate Z-axis positioning crucial for diverse milling operations.
Working Principle
The core principle involves a rotating milling cutter removing material from a workpiece secured to the table. The adjustable knee mechanism allows controlled vertical movement (Z-axis), while the table provides longitudinal (X-axis) and transverse (Y-axis) travel. This 3-axis control facilitates complex machining of flat, angular, and contoured surfaces.
Key Applications
- Tool & Die Making: Precision molds, jigs, fixtures
- Prototyping: Rapid part development
- Maintenance Shops: Equipment repair & part fabrication
- General Machining: Slotting, drilling, facing, keyway cutting
- Aerospace & Automotive: Component manufacturing
Distinctive Features & Advantages
- Vertical Adjustability: Knee movement enables quick workpiece height changes
- Rigid Construction: Robust cast iron frame ensures stability
- Manual & CNC Options: Traditional control or computer numerical precision
- Turret Design (Common): Swiveling milling head for multi-angle machining
- Wide Workpiece Compatibility: Handles various sizes and shapes
Primary Classifications
- Vertical Knee Mill: Spindle axis perpendicular to table (most common)
- Horizontal Knee Mill: Spindle axis parallel to table (for heavy stock removal)
- Universal Knee Mill: Table swivels for complex angular cuts
- Turret Mill: Head rotates on turret for flexible positioning
Main Components
- Base & Column: Primary support structure
- Knee: Vertically moving saddle supporting the table
- Saddle & Table: Hold and position the workpiece (X/Y axes)
- Milling Head: Houses spindle, motor, and quill (Z-axis)
- Arbor/Spindle: Rotating shaft holding cutting tools
- Controls: Manual handwheels or CNC interface
Evolution & Industry Significance
Since their development in the late 19th century, knee-and-column mills revolutionized machining. The iconic Bridgeport design (1938) popularized the turret style. While CNC machining centers dominate high-volume production, knee mills remain indispensable for flexibility, ease of use, and cost-effectiveness in job shops, schools, and repair facilities worldwide.
Fortune Pacific: Your Knee Mill Solution
At Fortune Pacific, we engineer durable, high-precision knee type milling machines for demanding applications. Explore our range of vertical mills, horizontal mills, and CNC-ready models designed to enhance your workshop's capabilities. Discover the ideal machine for your metalworking, prototyping, or toolmaking needs.
Keywords: Knee Type Milling Machine, Vertical Milling Machine, Horizontal Mill, Turret Mill, Knee-and-Column Mill, Milling Machine for Sale, Industrial Milling, Metalworking Equipment, Workshop Machinery, CNC Mill, Toolroom Mill, Precision Machining, Fortune Pacific, Machine Tool Manufacturer.