MCG1000A Cylindrical Grinding Machine

Technical parameters of MCG1000A Cylindrical Grinding Machine with Moving Grinding Head

Model	Unit	MCG1000
Type		A
Distance between centers	mm	6000; 8000; 10000 (236”; 315”; 394”)
Dia. Ground(O.D)	mm	Φ240~1000 (9.4-39”)
Max length ground(O.D)	mm	6000; 8000; 10000 (236”; 315”; 394”)
Max ground weight between centers	kg	20000
Max ground weight with support rest	kg	20000
Range of rest supporting	mm	450~650 (18-26”)
Workhead center taper		Metric 120 (1:4)
Workhead spindle speed	r/min	5~50
Wheelhead hand feed per. gra	mm	0.002; 0.02; 0.2
Wheel size( OD x W x ID)	mm	Φ900x100x305 (35x3.9x12”)
Peripheral velocity	m/s	35
Cross saddle hand feed per. rev	mm	1; 0.1; 0.01
Longitudinal speed range of table	m/min	0.05~4
Tailstock center tape		Metric 120 (1:4)
Tailstock quill travel	mm	Motor: 150
Cooling system flow	L/min	200
Wheelhead motor power	kW	55
Workhead motor power	kW	55

Features
Standard accessories
1. Flange;
2. Three-jaw chuck;
3. Balance arbor;
4. Dog pole and arm;
5. Table swiveling wrench;
6. Alloy center;
7. Coolant tank;
8. Wheel;
9. Wheel extractor;
10. Wedge;
 
Optional accessories
1. Close steady rest;
2. Radial dresser;
3. End dresser;
4. Balance stand;

Cylindrical grinder/Cylindrical Grinding Machine is a type of grinding machine used to shape the outside of an object. The cylindrical grinder can work on a variety of shapes, however the object must have a central axis of rotation. This includes but is not limited to such shapes as a cylinder, an ellipse, a cam, or a crankshaft.

A cylindrical grinder
Cylindrical grinder/Cylindrical Grinding Machine is defined as having four essential actions:
The work (object) must be constantly rotating
The grinding wheel must be constantly rotating
The grinding wheel is fed towards and away from the work
Either the work or the grinding wheel is traversed with respect to the other.
While the majority of cylindrical grinders employ all four movements, there are grinders that only employ three of the four actions.

History of cylindrical grinder
The origins of the cylindrical grinder, as with all other modern machine tools, stem from the experimentation and invention of John Wilkinson and later Henry Maudslay who built the first horizontal boring machine and the first engine lathe, respectively. The cylindrical grinder owes much of its development from the onset of the Industrial Revolution, particularly to the advent of reliable, inexpensive steel production and later the improvement of the grinding wheel.[1] The basis for the modern day cylindrical grinder was first built in the 1830s by two men working independently, Jonathan Bridges and James Wheaton . It is unclear as to which man had first produced the machine but both are closely tied to the first historical appearance of the modern day tool. It took another 40 years before further improvement and refinement of the tool occurred.

The remainder of technological innovation applicable to the cylindrical grinder is almost identical and entangled in a sense, to the rest of machine tools. The innovation of the last 70 years can be characterized by three waves of change.[5] The first wave was the creation of numerical control by John T. Parsons in the 1940s. The U.S. Air Force, looking for a faster, cheaper, and more efficient means of part and tool production for airplanes, played a large role in developing NC both politically and financially. The first implementation of NC in machine tools occurred in the 1950s and continued through the 1960s.[5] The second wave of innovation, occurring during the 1970s and 1980s, is marked by the massive demand for microcomputers to be used to direct NC.[5] The joining of computers marked the birth of Computer Numerical Control which once again revolutionized the ability of the cylindrical grinder. Now the machine was able to receive instruction from a computer which would give it precise directions on every imaginable dimension and measurement needed to produce the desired product. This was a completely different work environment in comparison to mid-century production where a worker had to direct the machine at every point on how to manipulate the work. The third wave of change came in the 1990s with the advent of the Personal Computer. Integrating CNC and the PC into one dynamic system allowed for even further control of the manufacturing process that required little to no human supervision.

Types of cylindrical grinder/Cylindrical Grinding Machine
There are five different types of cylindrical grinding: outside diameter (OD) grinding, inside diameter (ID) grinding, plunge grinding, creep feed grinding, and centerless grinding.

Outside diameter grinding
OD grinding is grinding occurring on external surface a of an object between the centers. The centers are end units with a point that allow the object to be rotated. The grinding wheel is also being rotated in the same direction when it comes in contact with the object. This effectively means the two surfaces will be moving opposite directions when contact is made which allows for a smoother operation and less chance of a jam up.

Inside diameter grinding
ID grinding is grinding occurring on the inside of an object. The grinding wheel is always smaller than the width of the object. The object is held in place by a collet, which also rotates the object in place. Just as with OD grinding, the grinding wheel and the object rotated in opposite directions giving reversed direction contact of the two surfaces where the grinding occurs.

Plunge grinding
A form of OD grinding, however the major difference is that the grinding wheel makes continuous contact with a single point of the object instead of traversing the object.

Creep feed grinding
Creep Feed is a form of grinding where a full depth of cut is removed in a single pass of the wheel. Successful operation of this technique can reduce manufacturing time by 50%, but often the grinding machine being used must be designed specifically for this purpose. This form occurs in both cylindrical and surface grinding.

Centerless cylindrical grinder
A schematic of the centerless grinding process.
Centerless grinding is a form of grinding where there is no collet or pair of centers holding the object in place. Instead, there is a regulating wheel positioned on the opposite side of the object to the grinding wheel. A work rest keeps the object at the appropriate height but has no bearing on its rotary speed. The workblade is angled slightly towards the regulating wheel, with the workpiece centerline above the centerlines of the regulating and grinding wheel; this means that high spots do not tend to generate corresponding opposite low spots, and hence the roundness of parts can be improved. Centerless grinding is much easier to combine with automatic loading procedures than centered grinding; throughfeed grinding, where the regulating wheel is held at a slight angle to the part so that there is a force feeding the part through the grinder, is particularly efficient.

Control methods
There are three basics ways in which an operator can interact with a cylindrical grinder. Either manual manipulation of the machine, Numerical Control with a punched card system or using Computer Numerical Control using a pre existing interface designed for that machine or by using a PC as an interface to communicate with the grinder. The first two options are rarely if ever used today. CNC operated cylindrical grinders are the most technologically advanced, efficient, reliable systems in the manufacturing industry.

Applications
The cylindrical grinder is responsible for a plethora of innovations and inventions in the progression of science and technology. Any situation in which extremely precise metalworking is required, the cylindrical grinder is able to provide a high level of precision.[citation needed] From the automotive industry to military applications, the benefits of the cylindrical grinder are numerous.

Control methods
There are three basics ways in which an operator can interact with a cylindrical grinder. Either manual manipulation of the machine, Numerical Control with a punched card system or using Computer Numerical Control using a pre existing interface designed for that machine or by using a PC as an interface to communicate with the grinder. The first two options are rarely if ever used today. CNC operated cylindrical grinders are the most technologically advanced, efficient, reliable systems in the manufacturing industry.

Technical parameters of MCG1000A Cylindrical Grinding Machine with Moving Grinding Head

Model	Unit	MCG1000
Type		A
Distance between centers	mm	6000; 8000; 10000 (236”; 315”; 394”)
Dia. Ground(O.D)	mm	Φ240~1000 (9.4-39”)
Max length ground(O.D)	mm	6000; 8000; 10000 (236”; 315”; 394”)
Max ground weight between centers	kg	20000
Max ground weight with support rest	kg	20000
Range of rest supporting	mm	450~650 (18-26”)
Workhead center taper		Metric 120 (1:4)
Workhead spindle speed	r/min	5~50
Wheelhead hand feed per. gra	mm	0.002; 0.02; 0.2
Wheel size( OD x W x ID)	mm	Φ900x100x305 (35x3.9x12”)
Peripheral velocity	m/s	35
Cross saddle hand feed per. rev	mm	1; 0.1; 0.01
Longitudinal speed range of table	m/min	0.05~4
Tailstock center tape		Metric 120 (1:4)
Tailstock quill travel	mm	Motor: 150
Cooling system flow	L/min	200
Wheelhead motor power	kW	55
Workhead motor power	kW	55

Types of cylindrical grinder/Cylindrical Grinding Machine
There are five different types of cylindrical grinding: outside diameter (OD) grinding, inside diameter (ID) grinding, plunge grinding, creep feed grinding, and centerless grinding.

Outside diameter grinding
OD grinding is grinding occurring on external surface a of an object between the centers. The centers are end units with a point that allow the object to be rotated. The grinding wheel is also being rotated in the same direction when it comes in contact with the object. This effectively means the two surfaces will be moving opposite directions when contact is made which allows for a smoother operation and less chance of a jam up.

Inside diameter grinding
ID grinding is grinding occurring on the inside of an object. The grinding wheel is always smaller than the width of the object. The object is held in place by a collet, which also rotates the object in place. Just as with OD grinding, the grinding wheel and the object rotated in opposite directions giving reversed direction contact of the two surfaces where the grinding occurs.

Plunge grinding
A form of OD grinding, however the major difference is that the grinding wheel makes continuous contact with a single point of the object instead of traversing the object.

Creep feed grinding
Creep Feed is a form of grinding where a full depth of cut is removed in a single pass of the wheel. Successful operation of this technique can reduce manufacturing time by 50%, but often the grinding machine being used must be designed specifically for this purpose. This form occurs in both cylindrical and surface grinding.

Centerless cylindrical grinder
A schematic of the centerless grinding process.
Centerless grinding is a form of grinding where there is no collet or pair of centers holding the object in place. Instead, there is a regulating wheel positioned on the opposite side of the object to the grinding wheel. A work rest keeps the object at the appropriate height but has no bearing on its rotary speed. The workblade is angled slightly towards the regulating wheel, with the workpiece centerline above the centerlines of the regulating and grinding wheel; this means that high spots do not tend to generate corresponding opposite low spots, and hence the roundness of parts can be improved. Centerless grinding is much easier to combine with automatic loading procedures than centered grinding; throughfeed grinding, where the regulating wheel is held at a slight angle to the part so that there is a force feeding the part through the grinder, is particularly efficient.